{"id":54568,"date":"2021-03-29T21:02:57","date_gmt":"2021-03-29T21:02:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/demo.dentalvibe.com\/dental-glossary\/tmj-disorders\/"},"modified":"2021-04-09T22:39:46","modified_gmt":"2021-04-09T22:39:46","slug":"tmj-disorders","status":"publish","type":"dental-glossary","link":"https:\/\/dentalvibe.com\/pt\/dental-glossary\/tmj-disorders\/","title":{"rendered":"Desordens TMJ"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O dist\u00farbio da articula\u00e7\u00e3o temporomandibular causa desconforto na dobradi\u00e7a que conecta os dois ossos temporais do cr\u00e2nio, localizados em ambos os lados da orelha, \u00e0 mand\u00edbula<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A articula\u00e7\u00e3o temporomandibular atua como uma dobradi\u00e7a deslizante que permite os movimentos da mand\u00edbula para cima e para baixo ou de lado a lado. No entanto, um dist\u00farbio conhecido como dist\u00farbios da articula\u00e7\u00e3o temporomandibular (ATM) pode causar dor na articula\u00e7\u00e3o e nos m\u00fasculos para impedir o conforto durante os movimentos da mand\u00edbula. Embora os dist\u00farbios da ATM continuem populares, a causa exata desse dist\u00farbio permanece dif\u00edcil de determinar<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Causas comuns para dist\u00farbios da ATM<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A dor que voc\u00ea pode sentir durante os movimentos da mand\u00edbula pode surgir da seguinte combina\u00e7\u00e3o de fatores:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gen\u00e9tica<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Artrite<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les\u00e3o na mand\u00edbula<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les\u00e3o nos dentes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desalinhamento da mand\u00edbula \/ dentes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ranger ou cerrar dentes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Postura pobre<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Embora algumas pessoas freq\u00fcentemente cerrem os dentes ou rangerem os dentes e raramente desenvolvam dist\u00farbios da ATM. A dor associada a dist\u00farbios da ATM geralmente desaparece por meio de tratamento n\u00e3o cir\u00fargico. Os dist\u00farbios da ATM podem ser tratados com cuidados autogeridos e medidas conservadoras. A interven\u00e7\u00e3o cir\u00fargica deve vir como \u00faltimo recurso. No entanto, alguns pacientes podem se beneficiar com o tratamento cir\u00fargico.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Sinais e sintomas de dist\u00farbio da ATM<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As articula\u00e7\u00f5es temporomandibulares consistem em estruturas complexas e qualquer les\u00e3o nesses ossos, m\u00fasculos e tend\u00f5es pode resultar em dor. Dependendo da causa exata de sua dor, voc\u00ea pode sentir dor em um ou nos dois lados da \u00e1rea da mand\u00edbula. Al\u00e9m disso, a dor pode aparecer quando a pessoa est\u00e1 bocejando, mastigando, falando ou at\u00e9 mesmo descansando. Os sinais e sintomas comuns que voc\u00ea deve observar incluem o seguinte:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dor no rosto dolorido<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dificuldade \/ dor ao mastigar<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dificuldade ao abrir ou fechar a boca<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dor nos m\u00fasculos temporomandibulares<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desconforto na mand\u00edbula<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dores de cabe\u00e7a<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mand\u00edbula estalando e estalando<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u00fasculos da mand\u00edbula doloridos<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Travamento da junta<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Diagn\u00f3stico de dist\u00farbio da ATM<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Planeje visitar um m\u00e9dico que ir\u00e1 discutir os v\u00e1rios sintomas dos dist\u00farbios da ATM. Um dentista tamb\u00e9m pode fornecer um diagn\u00f3stico para dist\u00farbios da ATM. Depois de visitar um m\u00e9dico \/ dentista, eles provavelmente ouvir\u00e3o sentir os movimentos da mand\u00edbula enquanto voc\u00ea fala, come ou boceja. O m\u00e9dico tamb\u00e9m pode examinar at\u00e9 que ponto voc\u00ea move a mand\u00edbula. Eles tamb\u00e9m podem identificar o local exato que causa desconforto ou dor pressionando \u00e1reas ao redor da mand\u00edbula. Se o m\u00e9dico suspeitar de um problema, ele \u00e9 obrigado a autorizar exames adicionais por meio de:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Realizando um raio-x dental para sua mand\u00edbula e dentes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Solicitando uma tomografia computadorizada para as articula\u00e7\u00f5es temporomandibulares para determinar os ossos e articula\u00e7\u00f5es envolvidos<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de uma resson\u00e2ncia magn\u00e9tica dos tecidos moles ao redor das articula\u00e7\u00f5es temporomandibulares e do disco articular revela o problema exato<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os m\u00e9dicos tamb\u00e9m podem realizar uma artroscopia da ATM durante o diagn\u00f3stico de dist\u00farbios da ATM. Seu m\u00e9dico pode inserir uma c\u00e2nula no espa\u00e7o articular durante uma artroscopia da ATM. O tubo canular ou pequeno e fino ajuda o m\u00e9dico a inserir uma pequena c\u00e2mera conhecida como artrosc\u00f3pio no espa\u00e7o da articula\u00e7\u00e3o para visualizar a \u00e1rea e localizar a causa do dist\u00farbio da ATM de um paciente.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Tratamento para dist\u00farbios da ATM<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A maioria dos casos e sintomas de dist\u00farbios da ATM desaparecem sem interven\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dica. Infelizmente, se os sintomas persistirem, \u00e9 hora de visitar um m\u00e9dico que pode recomendar terapia, interven\u00e7\u00e3o cir\u00fargica, medica\u00e7\u00e3o ou rem\u00e9dios caseiros \/ estilo de vida. O m\u00e9dico pode recomendar uma ou uma combina\u00e7\u00e3o de op\u00e7\u00f5es de tratamento simultaneamente.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Medicamento<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O medicamento a seguir ajuda a aliviar a dor associada aos dist\u00farbios JMJ.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Antiinflamat\u00f3rios ou analg\u00e9sicos<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">- o seu m\u00e9dico pode prescrever um analg\u00e9sico potente se os analg\u00e9sicos de venda livre n\u00e3o se mostrarem eficazes para a sua dor na ATM.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Antidepressivos tric\u00edclicos- <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">este medicamento, se tomado em doses baixas, pode ser usado no al\u00edvio da dor, controle da ins\u00f4nia e bruxismo, embora sua finalidade principal seja para a depress\u00e3o<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Relaxantes musculares<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Os espasmos musculares podem causar a dor associada aos dist\u00farbios da ATM. Tomar relaxantes musculares por um curto per\u00edodo pode ajudar a aliviar a dor.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Terapias<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Terapias n\u00e3o cir\u00fargicas e n\u00e3o medicamentosas tamb\u00e9m podem ajudar no tratamento de dist\u00farbios da ATM. Eles incluem o seguinte:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Fisioterapia - al\u00e9m do exerc\u00edcio f\u00edsico,<\/b> <b>os m\u00e9dicos usam essa terapia para aliviar a dor e fortalecer os m\u00fasculos da mand\u00edbula.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Talas orais <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">esta terapia envolve o uso de protetores bucais por pessoas com dor na mand\u00edbula. Inserir um dispositivo macio sobre os dentes pode ajudar a aliviar a dor associada a dist\u00farbios da ATM.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Aconselhamento- <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o aconselhamento envolve a corre\u00e7\u00e3o de comportamentos, como cerrar os dentes, que podem causar ou agravar sua dor. Com o aconselhamento, as pessoas podem compreender facilmente os fatores que causam os dist\u00farbios da ATM e, consequentemente, evit\u00e1-los.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Interven\u00e7\u00e3o cir\u00fargica e outros procedimentos<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depois de esgotar a medica\u00e7\u00e3o e a terapia, um m\u00e9dico pode recomendar os seguintes procedimentos:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Artrocentese neste procedimento, o m\u00e9dico insere minimamente uma pequena agulha na articula\u00e7\u00e3o para remover subprodutos inflamat\u00f3rios. Este procedimento invasivo tamb\u00e9m pode ajudar na remo\u00e7\u00e3o de detritos dentro da \u00e1rea da articula\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inje\u00e7\u00f5es - um m\u00e9dico pode recomendar<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">inje\u00e7\u00f5es de corticosteroides para aliviar a dor causada por dist\u00farbios da ATM. A toxina botul\u00ednica do tipo A tamb\u00e9m pode ser \u00fatil no combate \u00e0 dor nos m\u00fasculos da mand\u00edbula.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Artroscopia TMJ-<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A cirurgia de artroscopia \u00e9 uma op\u00e7\u00e3o cir\u00fargica mais segura quando comparada \u00e0 cirurgia de articula\u00e7\u00e3o aberta. Envolve a inser\u00e7\u00e3o de uma c\u00e2nula no espa\u00e7o articular, seguida por um artrosc\u00f3pio e um instrumento cir\u00fargico na \u00e1rea articular. Al\u00e9m de ajudar no diagn\u00f3stico, a artroscopia se mostra eficaz no tratamento de v\u00e1rios dist\u00farbios da ATM. A artroscopia da ATM apresenta menor risco quando comparada a outras op\u00e7\u00f5es cir\u00fargicas. No entanto, ele tem suas limita\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Condilotomia modificada<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">este tipo de cirurgia se mostra eficaz, especialmente quando o travamento \u00e9 experimentado. Ele pode ser usado para tratar dist\u00farbios da ATM indiretamente. A condilotomia modificada envolve cirurgia ao redor da mand\u00edbula em vez da articula\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cirurgia de articula\u00e7\u00e3o aberta - esta cirurgia \u00e9 mais aplic\u00e1vel quando a dor se origina de um problema na estrutura da articula\u00e7\u00e3o. O m\u00e9dico freq\u00fcentemente recomenda que o paciente experimente os m\u00e9todos convencionais primeiro, devido aos riscos envolvidos. Infelizmente, se a dor n\u00e3o passar, o m\u00e9dico pode se contentar com uma cirurgia de articula\u00e7\u00e3o aberta. Portanto, sempre certifique-se de que o m\u00e9dico explique cuidadosamente os riscos, pr\u00f3s e contras desse tipo de cirurgia antes de concordar.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Estilo de vida e rem\u00e9dios caseiros<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para evit\u00e1-los, voc\u00ea deve sempre estar ciente dos h\u00e1bitos relacionados \u00e0 tens\u00e3o que causam dist\u00farbios da ATM. Voc\u00ea pode reduzir o risco de dist\u00farbios da ATM se puder reduzir a frequ\u00eancia de atividades como mastigar, ranger os dentes e apertar a mand\u00edbula. As dicas a seguir ser\u00e3o \u00fateis na redu\u00e7\u00e3o dos sintomas da ATM, se observadas:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Evite usar demais os m\u00fasculos da mand\u00edbula sempre que puder<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">- o m\u00fasculo da mand\u00edbula freq\u00fcentemente sofre mais quando sente dor associada a dist\u00farbios da ATM. Voc\u00ea pode evitar sobrecarregar os m\u00fasculos da mand\u00edbula, minimizando atividades como goma de mascar e comer alimentos pegajosos. Em vez disso, adote h\u00e1bitos melhores, incluindo comer alimentos macios, cortando os alimentos em peda\u00e7os menores para mastigar.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Alongamento e massagem<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> voc\u00ea pode aprender a massagear os m\u00fasculos da mand\u00edbula ou pedir ao seu m\u00e9dico dicas sobre exerc\u00edcios de fortalecimento dos m\u00fasculos da mand\u00edbula.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u00e9cnica de calor ou frio<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">- voc\u00ea pode usar calor \u00famido ou gelo para aliviar a dor muscular da mand\u00edbula<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Medicina alternativa<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se a dor persistir, voc\u00ea pode achar as seguintes t\u00e9cnicas de medicina alternativa \u00fateis para aliviar a dor:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u00e9cnicas de relaxamento-<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> relaxar os m\u00fasculos pode ajudar a reduzir a dor. Aprenda a desacelerar a respira\u00e7\u00e3o respirando fundo regularmente para relaxar os m\u00fasculos tensos.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Biofeedback- <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">voc\u00ea pode usar um dispositivo eletr\u00f4nico para ajud\u00e1-lo a praticar maneiras eficazes de relaxar seus m\u00fasculos tensos<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Acupuntura - voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode consultar um especialista treinado no tratamento da dor cr\u00f4nica. Depois de saber a \u00e1rea espec\u00edfica que causa a dor na ATM, voc\u00ea pode inserir agulhas finas para reduzir a dor.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","dental-glossary-categories":[4516,4536,4543],"class_list":["post-54568","dental-glossary","type-dental-glossary","status-publish","hentry","dental-glossary-categories-all","dental-glossary-categories-t","dental-glossary-categories-terms-and-procedures"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The temporomandibular joint disorder causes discomfort at the hinge that connects the two temporal skull bones, located on both sides of the ear, to the Jaw Temporomandibular Joint acts as a sliding hinge that allows up and down or sides to side jaw movements. 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